A Mediterranean Battlefield - Syria

[David Guyatt]

Check. The Russians saw the next obvious board move and planned ahead.

Next move Uncle & Israel?

30 May 2013 Last updated at 09:41

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Russian S300 anti-aircraft missiles 'delivered to Syria'

Some analysts have characterised the possible use of the missiles as a "game-changer" in the Syrian conflict
Continue reading the main story

Syria conflict

• Massacre 'proof'
  
• Qusair's importance
  
• Chemical attacks
  
• 'Chemical attack' town
  

Syria has already received the first shipment of an advanced Russian air defence system, Syria's President Bashar al-Assad is reported to have said in a Lebanese TV interview.
Russia vowed to go ahead with sending the weapons earlier this week in defiance of Western objections.
Mr Assad is also reported to have told Hezbollah-linked Al Manar TV that the tide of the war is turning.
Earlier, a rebel leader told the BBC that Hezbollah was "invading" Syria.
Gen Selim Idriss, the military chief of the main umbrella group of Syrian rebels, the Free Syrian Army, claimed that more than 7,000 fighters of the Lebanese Shia movement were taking part in attacks on the rebel-held town of Qusair.
Gen Idriss made an emotional appeal to Western powers on the BBC World Service's Newshour programme, saying: "We are dying. Please come and help us."
He appealed for more weapons "to defend our citizens".


Gen Salim Idriss makes an appeal on the BBC's World Service: "We are dying, we are suffering, many, many people are now waiting to be killed"

Gen Idriss said the FSA was fielding fewer than 1,500 fighters in the fight for Qusair, armed only with light weapons.
More than 50,000 residents were trapped in the town and a "massacre" would occur if it fell, he added.
The US State Department has demanded that Hezbollah withdraw its fighters from Syria immediately.
Fears of further tensionContinue reading the main story

Who are Hezbollah?

• Lebanese Shia Muslim group
  
• Name means the Party of God
  
• Defined by hostility to Israel since 1980s
  
• Fought Israel in a bitter and deadly war in 2006
  
• Made up of political and military wings
  
• Strongest member of Lebanon's pro-Syria bloc
  
• Consistently backs Assad rule in Syria
  
• Fighters known to be active inside Syria
  
• Branded a terrorist group by Washington
  

• Full profile: Hezbollah
  

"Syria has received the first shipment of Russian anti-aircraft S-300 rockets," Al Manar quoted Mr Assad as saying in an interview due to be broadcast later on Thursday.
"The rest of the shipment will arrive soon."
The S-300 is a highly capable surface-to-air missile system that, as well as targeting aircraft, also has the capacity to engage ballistic missiles.
The delivery of such missiles raises fears of further tension with Israel as Mr Assad is also reported to have threatened to respond directly if Israel launches any further air attacks on Syria.
However, the Israeli Defence Minister, Moshe Yaalon, said on Tuesday he had information suggesting the missiles had not yet been delivered.
"The shipments have not left yet. Let's hope they won't, and if they do, we'll know how to act," he said.
Some analysts have characterised the possible use of the missiles as a "game-changer" in the Syrian conflict.
It is also feared that the missiles could endanger US-Russian efforts to convene a peace conference on Syria in Geneva in June.
'Momentum'
In excerpts from his interview with Al Manar, Mr Assad is quoted as saying the military balance of power has gone in favour of the army which has scored major victories.
Syria and Hezbollah are on the same axis, he is reported as saying, with Hezbollah fighters deployed along the Lebanese-Syrian border.
Regime forces, backed by Hezbollah fighters, are reported to have retaken from rebels a disused military airfield north of Qusair.
This probably cuts the last supply line for the few rebels holding out in the town, says the BBC's Jim Muir in Beirut.
Opposition groups and humanitarian organisations say conditions for the civilians and the wounded in Qusair are dire.
Doctors are quoted as saying oxygen and other medical supplies have run out.
The opposition has appealed to the Red Cross and the Red Crescent to intervene to help 1,000 injured people at risk of dying for lack of medical attention.
Syrian government officials say that a corridor had been established to allow civilians to escape and fighters who put down their arms are free to leave too.
'Absolutely unacceptable'
Casting a further shadow over the proposed Geneva conference, the Russian Foreign Minister, Sergei Lavrov, accused the Syrian opposition of making unrealistic demands.
"We are under the impression that the National Coalition and its regional sponsors are doing everything so as not to allow the start of the political process and achieve military intervention in Syria through any means possible," he told reporters.
Mr Lavrov said National Coalition demands for Mr Assad to step down were "impossible to fulfil".
He called on the US and Europe to "rein in those who condone these absolutely unacceptable aggressive approaches of the National Coalition".

RUSSIAN S-300PMU SYSTEM

• Type: Surface to air missile system, capable of hitting aircraft, cruise and ballistic missiles
  
• Special feature: Fires two missiles at a time, vertically, making it versatile and accurate
  
• Origin: S-300P dates from the 1960s but current state-of-the art export versions are S-300PMU-1 and 2 which were developed in the late 1990s
  
• Manufacturer: Almaz-Antey
  
• Cost: $900m for full system although it is not clear whether this is what Russia is supplying to Syria
  
• Specification: Each launcher vehicle [align=left] carries four missile containers (two missiles per target). A full battalion is six launcher vehicles with a total of 24 missiles plus command and control and long range radar detection vehicles
  
• Capability: Russian 48N6 are the standard missiles fired from S-300PMU launchers. They have a range of 5-150km at an altitude of up to 30km
  
• Response time: Vehicle stopping to missile firing is 5 minutes
  

Source: Royal United Services Institute