13-08-2013, 11:05 PM
Trying to get a grip on your question - are we talking 1947-50 or after that?
Seems to me this period was designed to consolidate power in the Sec of Defense, Sec of State, the Director of CIA, the NSC and the President....
Removing the three branches from direct EXECUTIVE control and putting them under the Sec of Defense COULD be seen as the first step enabling "Defense" to having their own agenda and not changing that agenda with the change of presidents...
Without a full understanding of the Eberstadt Report... and the context it was delivered and morphed into the Natl Security Act... I'm not even sure what I'm looking for....
Yet since I feel strongly that the Military was at the apex of this thing... your question is very interesting.
DJ
The 1949 Amendment to the Act changed a few key things....:
The "National Military Establishment" becomes the Department of Defense with Army/Navy/Air Force as departments
DECLARATION OF POLICY (1947)
[size=12]Sec. 2. In enacting this legislation, it is the intent of Congress to provide a comprehensive program for the future security of the United States, to provide for the establishment of integrated policies and procedures for the departments, agencies, and functions of the Government relating to the national security; to provide three military departments for the operation and administration of the Army, the Navy (including naval aviation and the United States Marine Corps), and the Air Force, with their assigned combat and service components; to provide for their authoritative coordination and unified direction under civilian control but not to merge them; to provide for the effective strategic direction of the armed forces and for their operation under unified control and for their integration into an efficient team of land, naval, and air forces
1949 Amendments:
[ATTACH=CONFIG]5057[/ATTACH][ATTACH=CONFIG]5058[/ATTACH][ATTACH=CONFIG]5059[/ATTACH]
[size=12]
NSC changes
In 1949, the National Security Act Amendments (63 Stat. 579; 50 U.S.C. 401 et seq.) were passed, reorganizing the structure of the NSC and placing it within the Executive Office of the President. The three service secretaries were eliminated as members of the Council and the Vice President and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs o Staff were added as permanent members. The NSC staff was divided into three groups: the Executive Secretary and his staff, personnel on detail and Consultants to the Executive Secretary. Standing committees were created to deal with sensitive issues. President Truman made further changes to the NSC in 1950 and 1951 when he directed the head of the Office of Defense Mobilization to attend NSC meetings and then made him a member of the senior staff. Both the personnel and Consultants were later eliminated in favor of Senior Staff.
[size=12][size=12]
Secretary of Defense
Sec. 202.
(a) There shall be a Secretary of Defense, whoshall be appointed from civilian life by the President, by and with the adviceand consent of the Senate: PROVIDED, That a person who has within ten yearsbeen on active duty as a commissioned officer in a Regular component of thearmed services shall not be eligible for appointment as Secretary of Defense. The Secretary of Defense shall be theprincipal assistant to the President in all matters relating to the nationalsecurity.
http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mi...blonsk.pdf[size=12][size=12][size=12]
The Eberstadt Report became the framework for the National Security
Act of 1947. The legislation represented a series of compromises within the Executive
Branch and between that branch and Congress, all of which delayed the
full linkage of government form and function. Prior to the National Security Act,
the unification controversy had helped to stimulate the expression of an enlarged
concept of national security. After 1947, the controversy initially held back a
more forceful expression of America's immense power. Increasingly, debates by
the services took on the form of theologians' disputes concerning holy texts and
strengthened the tendency of each service to create its own defense policy. The
result was that the initial creation of grand strategy to meet evolving national security
needs afterWorldWar II took form much faster than US defense policy.
[/SIZE][/SIZE][size=12][size=12]As national security became increasingly defined in military terms,
there was a growing militarization of the American government and an increase
of presidential and Executive Branch power normally associated with wartime.
In the wake of the Korean conflict, the State Department shifted its focus more
and more to military security.
[/SIZE][/SIZE][size=12][size=12]A similar structural and organizational reorientation[/SIZE][/SIZE]
[size=12][size=12]took place at the White House, primarily through the development of the
NSC. In the early Truman years, that organization was merely one part of the Executive
Office of the President, sparingly used by the Chief Executive. After
1950, the NSC became the government's principal steering mechanism, with real
decisionmaking invariably involving the Assistants to the President for National
Security Affairs. That post increased exponentially in importance during the
Kennedy Administration, reaching new peaks in the Nixon and Carter years
when the National Security Advisers often brushed aside the Secretaries of State.
By the end of the Cold War, the business hours of Presidents were occupied primarily
with the problems vetted and brought to them through the NSC system. In
fact, as Ernest May has pointed out, by that time "the main business of the United[/SIZE][/SIZE][size=12][size=12]States government had become the development, maintenance, positioning, exploitation,
and regulation of military forces."
[/SIZE][/SIZE][size=12][size=12]his militarization of the government meant that by the 1950s, with the
exception of the Secretary of the Treasury, the heads of domestic agencies had
become second-tier officials. The dominant positions in Washington included
the heads of the State Department, the Defense Department, and the Central Intelligence
Agency, as well as the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the President's National
Security Adviser. At the same time, the 1949 amendment to the National
Security Act began a series of evolutionary changes that would culminate in the
1986 Goldwater-Nichols Act with an emphasis on centralized, accountable authority
and joint unified commands that was far removed from the original
Eberstadt structure.
[/SIZE][/SIZE][/SIZE][/SIZE]
[/SIZE][/SIZE][/SIZE]
Seems to me this period was designed to consolidate power in the Sec of Defense, Sec of State, the Director of CIA, the NSC and the President....
Removing the three branches from direct EXECUTIVE control and putting them under the Sec of Defense COULD be seen as the first step enabling "Defense" to having their own agenda and not changing that agenda with the change of presidents...
Without a full understanding of the Eberstadt Report... and the context it was delivered and morphed into the Natl Security Act... I'm not even sure what I'm looking for....
Yet since I feel strongly that the Military was at the apex of this thing... your question is very interesting.
DJ
The 1949 Amendment to the Act changed a few key things....:
The "National Military Establishment" becomes the Department of Defense with Army/Navy/Air Force as departments
DECLARATION OF POLICY (1947)
[size=12]Sec. 2. In enacting this legislation, it is the intent of Congress to provide a comprehensive program for the future security of the United States, to provide for the establishment of integrated policies and procedures for the departments, agencies, and functions of the Government relating to the national security; to provide three military departments for the operation and administration of the Army, the Navy (including naval aviation and the United States Marine Corps), and the Air Force, with their assigned combat and service components; to provide for their authoritative coordination and unified direction under civilian control but not to merge them; to provide for the effective strategic direction of the armed forces and for their operation under unified control and for their integration into an efficient team of land, naval, and air forces
1949 Amendments:
[ATTACH=CONFIG]5057[/ATTACH][ATTACH=CONFIG]5058[/ATTACH][ATTACH=CONFIG]5059[/ATTACH]
[size=12]
NSC changes
In 1949, the National Security Act Amendments (63 Stat. 579; 50 U.S.C. 401 et seq.) were passed, reorganizing the structure of the NSC and placing it within the Executive Office of the President. The three service secretaries were eliminated as members of the Council and the Vice President and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs o Staff were added as permanent members. The NSC staff was divided into three groups: the Executive Secretary and his staff, personnel on detail and Consultants to the Executive Secretary. Standing committees were created to deal with sensitive issues. President Truman made further changes to the NSC in 1950 and 1951 when he directed the head of the Office of Defense Mobilization to attend NSC meetings and then made him a member of the senior staff. Both the personnel and Consultants were later eliminated in favor of Senior Staff.
[size=12][size=12]
Secretary of Defense
Sec. 202.
(a) There shall be a Secretary of Defense, whoshall be appointed from civilian life by the President, by and with the adviceand consent of the Senate: PROVIDED, That a person who has within ten yearsbeen on active duty as a commissioned officer in a Regular component of thearmed services shall not be eligible for appointment as Secretary of Defense. The Secretary of Defense shall be theprincipal assistant to the President in all matters relating to the nationalsecurity.
http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mi...blonsk.pdf[size=12][size=12][size=12]
The Eberstadt Report became the framework for the National Security
Act of 1947. The legislation represented a series of compromises within the Executive
Branch and between that branch and Congress, all of which delayed the
full linkage of government form and function. Prior to the National Security Act,
the unification controversy had helped to stimulate the expression of an enlarged
concept of national security. After 1947, the controversy initially held back a
more forceful expression of America's immense power. Increasingly, debates by
the services took on the form of theologians' disputes concerning holy texts and
strengthened the tendency of each service to create its own defense policy. The
result was that the initial creation of grand strategy to meet evolving national security
needs afterWorldWar II took form much faster than US defense policy.
[/SIZE][/SIZE][size=12][size=12]As national security became increasingly defined in military terms,
there was a growing militarization of the American government and an increase
of presidential and Executive Branch power normally associated with wartime.
In the wake of the Korean conflict, the State Department shifted its focus more
and more to military security.
[/SIZE][/SIZE][size=12][size=12]A similar structural and organizational reorientation[/SIZE][/SIZE]
[size=12][size=12]took place at the White House, primarily through the development of the
NSC. In the early Truman years, that organization was merely one part of the Executive
Office of the President, sparingly used by the Chief Executive. After
1950, the NSC became the government's principal steering mechanism, with real
decisionmaking invariably involving the Assistants to the President for National
Security Affairs. That post increased exponentially in importance during the
Kennedy Administration, reaching new peaks in the Nixon and Carter years
when the National Security Advisers often brushed aside the Secretaries of State.
By the end of the Cold War, the business hours of Presidents were occupied primarily
with the problems vetted and brought to them through the NSC system. In
fact, as Ernest May has pointed out, by that time "the main business of the United[/SIZE][/SIZE][size=12][size=12]States government had become the development, maintenance, positioning, exploitation,
and regulation of military forces."
[/SIZE][/SIZE][size=12][size=12]his militarization of the government meant that by the 1950s, with the
exception of the Secretary of the Treasury, the heads of domestic agencies had
become second-tier officials. The dominant positions in Washington included
the heads of the State Department, the Defense Department, and the Central Intelligence
Agency, as well as the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the President's National
Security Adviser. At the same time, the 1949 amendment to the National
Security Act began a series of evolutionary changes that would culminate in the
1986 Goldwater-Nichols Act with an emphasis on centralized, accountable authority
and joint unified commands that was far removed from the original
Eberstadt structure.
[/SIZE][/SIZE][/SIZE][/SIZE]
[/SIZE][/SIZE][/SIZE]
Once in a while you get shown the light
in the strangest of places if you look at it right..... R. Hunter
in the strangest of places if you look at it right..... R. Hunter