ISIS: Remaining and Expanding

[Drew Phipps]

Don't forget the Shi'ite/Sunni split in Saudi Arabia too. Hezbollah and Hamas are both Shi'ite organizations that are largely sponsored from Iran, ruled by Shi'ites.

[Tracy Riddle]

http://www.globalresearch.ca/iraq-fighti...on/5386759

Iraq: Fighting Terrorism or Political Opposition?
By Geneva International Centre for Justice
Global Research, June 12, 2014

On June 10, 2014 the U.S. Department of State issued a press statement in which it expressed its "deepest concern" about the events that have transpired in Mosul/ Iraq and affirmed its full support for a strong, coordinated response including the provision of "all appropriate assistance … to help ensure that these efforts succeed". It does not need much imagination to understand the language and the message. Support provided by the US in confronting "urgent threats" of alleged acts of terrorism unavoidably involves coercive force, including the provision of all kinds of arms, munitions and war material. Will this world never learn?
The current Iraqi Prime Minister, Nouri al-Maliki, is well known for having adopted the rhetoric and methods introduced by the invading powers of his country, and as time passed, it became obvious that the outcome of his politics was equally as divisive and disastrous. His pursuit of a merciless "iron-first" policy along sectarian lines has caused mass campaigns of arbitrary arrests to become the rule rather than the exception; whereas executions rates rose to record heights and an increasing number of political opponents found themselves faced with dubious charges of terrorism. These issues, along with the already devastated state of Iraq, added greatly to the staggering casualties and destruction following the illegal invasion in 2003.It is unfortunate that the international community remains silent towards human rights violations in Iraq, as no forms of protest were made despite there being some of the most extreme and blatant violations of international law. It did not protest when in blatant violation of international law the entire Iraqi judicial and law enforcement system was dismantled, military and security apparatus were dissolved, and violations of human rights such as widespread killings, torture and rape escalated. This landscape, particularly during the years of American occupation, paved an environment that is ripe for extreme forms of human rights violations to be committed with impunity; an unfortunate legacy that remains with Iraq's successive "democratic" governments.

The world has also turned a blind eye to the desperate calls of millions of Iraqi people who took their protests to the streets from the beginning of 2011 on and throughout 2013, as they demanded to end the sectarian policies of the al-Maliki government and the horrendous institutionalized human rights violations such as torture, impartial executions and widespread killings. The international community also did not listen to the Iraqi people when PM Al-Maliki responded to peaceful demonstrations by massive batteries of tanks, helicopters and missiles, calling all protestors terrorists, in a clear imitation of the official pretext of "national security" and "public order" that the Americans had used to justify their military operations.

Such derogations, as noted by High Commissioner Navi Pillay at the 26th session of the Human Rights Council, are often unfairly abused to serve and justify the violent practices of governments. As a result of this brutal policy violence has skyrocketed in Iraq in 2013, marking this year as the deadliest that Iraq has seen since 2008.

The refusal of the Iraqi government to respond to the legitimate demands of the protestors along with the silence of the international community in view of the increasing violence deployed, left the Iraqi people with sorrow and despair. On an international level the Iraqi government presented itself as forerunner in the fight against terrorism, although on numerous occasions protestors, tribe leaders and governors publicly denounced all forms of terrorism and dissociated from such accusations. Instead they desperately called for help against terrorist threats; meanwhile they also accused the Iraqi government of using the pretext of fighting terrorism against political opposition leaders and far too often taking far too drastic measures.

When the violence finally escalated at the turn of the year in 2013/ 2014 under the pretext that ISIL and al-Qaeda fighters had taken over certain areas, government forces have consistently conducted indiscriminate attacks against several cities in the province of al-Anbar. The international community has once again failed to recognize the actual political motivation behind these attacks, which stems much deeper from the mere causal factors of "wanting to eliminate terrorists". Innocent civilians have long decried that the government has been bombing cities indiscriminately; with or without confirmation of harboured terrorists in place.

The international media and governments on the other hand, still adopts for the most part without a modicum of skepticism the official rhetoric that al-Qaeda and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) have taken over those cities. This was although political leaders and residents publicly affirmed on numerous times that their cities had not been taken over by terrorist groups but that people were fleeing, not in fear of terrorists, but in fear of the well-known brutality of Iraqi forces.

Nevertheless the Iraqi government's portrait of protestors as being terrorists received the unconditional support from its previous occupiers USA as well as from Iran and Russia. In January 2014, an American cargo jet loaded with weapons including 2,400 rockets to arm Iraqi attack helicopters arrived in Baghdad. A contract was agreed to sell further twenty four AH-64E attack helicopters. This came on top of a delivery of a first shipment in November 2013 of highly advanced Mi-35 attack helicopters as part of a $4.3 Billion arms purchase from Russia and seventy five Hellfire missiles rushed to Baghdad in mid-December 2013.

By providing such massive military support, the US deliberately ignored warnings such as by the senior EU lawmaker Struan Stevenson, a member of the European parliament who chairs the European Parliament's Delegation for Relations with Iraq, who stated that the onslaught against supposed terrorists in 6 Iraqi Provinces was no more than a cover for the annihilation of those parties opposed to the increasingly sectarian policies of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki. The US government also overheard voices from several key US senators, who in November 2013 already had written candidly to President Barack Obama and accused the Iraqi PM of being responsible for the sharp increase in sectarian violence in Iraq.

As the indiscriminate attacks by the Iraqi government forces continue in June 2014, the international community still fails to listen to take the voices of the civilian population seriously. Instead of denouncing the indiscriminate attacks through the use of heavy artillery, rockets and jet fighters and even barrel bombs against markets, municipal offices, universities and hospitals; the international media, governments and UN officials have somehow constantly assumed the official view presented by the Iraqi government. This is despite the attack having caused the deaths of hundreds of innocent civilians, most of them women and children.

Aerial attack on Subaihat by al-Maliki forces at 2:00 on Monday 06/09/2014 during which the family of the late Mr. Dayih Al. Shammari and six other women died

In a clear imitation of the al-Maliki rhetoric the UN Secretary General declared on June 11, 2014, that "Terrorism must not be allowed to succeed in undoing the path towards democracy in Iraq as determined by the will of the Iraqi people." He apparently didn't know what he was doing when he further urged the international community to "unite in showing solidarity with Iraq as it confronts this serious security challenge". At the moment hundreds of thousands of Iraqis are fleeing from one place to another in the wake of the escalating violence, meanwhile new armored, artillery and aerial forces are brought up for additional operations that will further complete the circle of violence.

The international support for military operations together with the announcement by the US Department of State made on June 10, 2014, would further escalate the humanitarian disaster. Numerous examples in the past, be it the illegal invasion of Iraq in 2003, the war on Afghanistan or the tragic case of Syria, have shown that fuelling violence through military supply have never contributed to just and peaceful solutions but have to the all and sundry resulted in situations that will outrage the conscience of humanity. The current situation is the result of the total destruction of a well-advanced country through the never-ending atrocities and human rights violations that followed as a consequence of an illegal military invasion. We urge the international community to never repeat the same mistake again.

On behalf of all those who oppose wars and destructions of nations, GICJ calls upon the international community to listen to the numerous desperate calls of the Iraqi civilian population, who clearly dissociate from all forms of terrorism but are desperately trying to defend themselves against a ruthless government that uses the pretext of combating terrorism as a pretext to fight a political war against rightful criticism. Even if there were one terrorist hiding in the peripheries of a city, this can in no way serve as a justification to kill innocent civilians.

The stand of the international community to always side with the Iraqi government defeats the civilians' right to self-determination, especially as calls for peaceful protests against al-Maliki's violent and sectarian policies since 2011 have been constantly ignored. It is far past the time that the international community learns that only justice, not more weapons and destruction, can break the circle of violence.

[Lauren Johnson]

Well, now. This is interesting. It speaks to Peter's question that something else is going on.

Baghdad is in a state of panic. The streets are empty. Gunmen are 20 kilometers (12.42 miles) away from the capital. Popular forces armed by the state are deployed around the city to protect its residents from the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). All eyes are on Diyala, the gateway to the south by the Iranian borders. There is no army and no security forces except in the green zone, and their loyalty is now questionable after information was confirmed that senior officers turned against the government and handed their military areas to the newcomers.

Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki addressed his military officers on TV in light of security reports stating that the attackers are Baathists affiliated with Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri - who was vice president under Saddam - as well as officers from the former Iraqi army and Fedayeen Saddam. According to the reports, more than 40 officers who had served in Saddam Hussein's army conspired with the attackers. There are tales of betrayal involving senior military leaders including General Abboud Qanbar, Lieutenant General Ali Ghaidan and General Mahdi al-Ghazzawi, all members of the former army.

The only solution left is to organize a "popular army" and the enlistment campaign has already started, with the aim of forming a paramilitary organization similar to the National Defense Forces in Syria. It is a return to the notion of self-security which prevailed after the US invasion. It is also a recognition that there is no army, leading to questions like where did US $41 million - that was supposedly spent to strengthen the military over the last three years - go?

All of this to justify a story that sounds more like a fantasy; that within hours, 1,500 fighters from ISIS succeeded in occupying Mosul, where a military garrison consisting of 52,000 soldiers is stationed, before invading Salah al-Din and controlling many neighborhoods in Kirkuk. Everyone agrees that even Samarra has fallen militarily but it was not taken over by takfiris, not because they could not but because they chose not to. Iraqi military units are fleeing their positions whenever ISIS fighters advance and orders are issued to security forces to withdraw from neighbouring cities.

In a situation like this, there is no room for politics, as military action has the last word. The position of the Kurds in this context is noteworthy. Appeals were made from more than one side for Peshmerga forces to take part in thwarting the invading forces. But they refused, arguing that they only defend Kurdish and ethnically mixed areas. It is said that US pressure was exerted on Erbil in this regard which led to an understanding between Maliki and Nijirfan al-Barazani stipulating that Peshmerga forces will take part in the battle to recapture Mosul in return for agreeing to secure exports of oil from Kurdistan.

The situation in the occupied areas does not seem as bad as it is portrayed in some media outlets. All the forces involved in the political process left the areas controlled by ISIS, including the governor of Nineveh Athil al-Nujaifi, the more influential brother of Osama al-Nujaifi. He moved to Erbil leaving behind business projects worth hundreds of millions of dollars in Mosul. It is true of course that tens of thousands of Iraqis left their homes for fear of what is happening and what is to come. No one, however, can deny that years of political, social and economic marginalization, in addition to undermining Sunni leaders, will guarantee ISIS - or any other faction that rises up against the political leadership in Baghdad - popular support among individuals and tribes, even if it is temporary.

It was interesting that the Shia authority Bashir al-Nujaifi blamed the "incompetence and dereliction of duty towards their country by those fighting" for "what we have come to in Iraq." He called for "speeding up the process of forming a foresighted salvation government imbued with loyalty and love of country." This allusion was the first of its kind, regarding the political discord going on in Iraq since Mosul fell and the sound of bullets dominated the political arena in the country.

The reality on the ground poses more questions than it provides answers. What are the repercussions of the Shia authority's appeal to unite in the face of the terrorists? How far will the enlistment campaign, opened to whoever wants to fight the takfiris and protect holy sites, go? To what extent has Saudi Arabia supported ISIS? In light of the kidnapping of the Turkish consul-general in Mosul, what is Turkey's role in what is happening, as it was quick to summon an emergency meeting of NATO to discuss developments? What are the implications of ISIS' victories in Iraq on the Syrian front given the financial and military spoils it gained from Iraq? And finally, will the dark days of the ill-fated sectarian war that ignited the whole region return to Iraq?

And from Pat Lang:

The Douris and the Naqshbandi army

The Iraq crisis becomes more and more interesting. Today we are learning that ISIS has made some sort of temporary common cause with former Iraqi Army (sadddam period) people to include a large number of men who are members of the "Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order." The naqshbandiya is the largest Sufi order in the Islamic World . Izzat Ibrahim, the redhead who was Saddam's VP is a member and is reputedly recognized at least temporarily by ISIS as something like field coordinator for the campaign. Izzat's nephew is an Iraqi Republican guard general who commanded an armored division and a mechanised infantry division in the war with Iran as well as holding the post of chief of military intelligence during that war. His name is Sabr Abd al-Aziz Al-Douri.

Contrary to public delusion in the USA, the former Iraqi Army had many capable and well trained officers. The speed and effective direction of this offensive seems to me to show the participation of such officers as Sabr- Abd al-Aziz al-Douri.

If that is the case, then Maliki's army is in a real "world of hurt." pl

[Magda Hassan]

Yeah, interesting isn't it. Numerically ISIS would have no advantage at all. There are serious problems with the Iraqi military. They have just melted away. Leaving everything intact more or less. But ISIS doesn't have popular support either. Maliki did say there was a conspiracy involved. I haven't heard more about it from him though.

[Peter Lemkin]

Yeah, interesting isn't it. Numerically ISIS would have no advantage at all. There are serious problems with the Iraqi military. They have just melted away. Leaving everything intact more or less. But ISIS doesn't have popular support either. Maliki did say there was a conspiracy involved. I haven't heard more about it from him though.

The Iraqi Army has been filmed changing into civilian clothes [without even engaging ISIL] and just loading into vehicles [civilian ones] and melting away. I believe they [the Iraqi Military] outnumber ISIL forces by MANY [20+?] times and have more heavy/sophisticated weapons....but something else seems to be going on...and at amazing speed!

Now O-bomba has said that if it takes American troops returning to Iraq, so be it. I assume that is still a last option, and American and NATO bomber runs will be the likely next step. The fall of Baghdad in the near future is now a real possibility. The 'West's' real concern is the control of the OIL....not the People of Iraq! Expect to see mercenaries going in to protect the oil facilities!...and the long-suffering Iraqi's left to their own fate....

[Magda Hassan]

Yeah, interesting isn't it. Numerically ISIS would have no advantage at all. There are serious problems with the Iraqi military. They have just melted away. Leaving everything intact more or less. But ISIS doesn't have popular support either. Maliki did say there was a conspiracy involved. I haven't heard more about it from him though.

The Iraqi Army has been filmed changing into civilian clothes [without even engaging ISIL] and just loading into vehicles [civilian ones] and melting away. I believe they [the Iraqi Military] outnumber ISIL forces by MANY times and have more heavy/sophisticated weapons....but something else seems to be going on...and at amazing speed!

Now O-bomba has said that if it takes American troops returning to Iraq, so be it. I assume that is still a last option, and American and NATO bomber runs will be the likely next step. The fall of Baghdad in the near future is now a real possibility. The 'West's' real concern is the control of the OIL....not the People of Iraq!

They're just 100 miles from Baghdad now. Apparently streets of Baghdad almost deserted. People hunkering down. Many signing up for military.

[Lauren Johnson]

The plot continues to thicken. From Juan Cole's Informed Opinion, a coming Iran/US alliance:

Iran has decided to intervene directly in Iraq and has already sent fighters to the front, according to the Wall Street Journal, based on Iranian sources. It is alleged that Iranian special forces have helped the Iraqi army push back in Tikrit, the birth place of Saddam Hussein that was overrun earlier this week by ISIS, which captured the city's police force. These reports come on the heels of President Hassan Rouhani's pledge on Thursday that Iran would not stand by and allow terrorists to take over Iraq. The hyper-Sunni Islamic State of Iraq and Syria fighters are closing in on a major Shiite shrine in Samarra and have pledge to take Baghdad, the capital, itself.

Iran has allegedly supplied small numbers of advisers and even hired Afghan fighters to the Syrian regime, and encouraged Lebanon's Hizbullah to intervene in Syria to prevent the fall of Homs to Sunni extremists. These Iranian interventions in Syria did shore up the al-Assad regime and reverse rebel momentum. Iran's Revolutionary Guards Corps may believe it can use the same tactics to roll back ISIS in Iraq. Iran is largely Shiite and has a Shiite religious ideology as the basis of the state. Iraq is 60% Shiite and the ruling government since 2005 has come from that community. Sunni Arabs in Iraq are probably only 17% or so, but had been the elite for most of Iraq's medieval and modern history, until George W. Bush overthrew the predominantly Sunni Saddam Hussein regime and allowed the Shiites to come to power.

Iraqi Shiites predominate in Baghdad and parts south. Shiites are more like traditional Catholics in venerating members of the holy family and attending at their shrines. Contemporary Salafi Sunni Islam is more like the militant brand of Protestantism of the late 1500s that denounced intermediaries between God and the individual and actually attacked and destroyed shrines to saints and other holy figures, where pleas for intercession were made. The shrine in Samarra is associated with the 12th in the line of vicars of the Prophet Muhammad, called Imams in Shi'ism, Muhammad al-Mahdi, a direct descendant of the Prophet himself. Shiites have a special emphasis on a millenarian expectation that the Twelfth Imam will soon return to restore justice to the world (rather as Christians believe in the return of Christ). When the Samarra shrine was damaged by Sunni militants in 2006, it threw Iraq into civil war, in which 3000 civilians were being killed every month. Baghdad was ethnically cleansed by 2008 of most of its Sunnis, becoming a largely Shiite capital. ISIS wants to reverse that process. Baghdad was founded by the Abbasid caliphate, who claimed to be vicars of the Prophet, in 762 AD and is a symbol of the glories of early Islam. ISIS leaders are threatening also to destroy the shrine of Ali in Najaf and the shrine of Husain in Karbala (Najaf for Shiites is the equivalent of the Basilica of St. Peter for Catholics).
The specter of Iranian troops on Iraqi soil can only recall the first Iran-Iraq War.

From September of 1980, when Saddam Hussein's Iraqi army invaded Iran's oil-rich Khuzistan Province, until summer 1988 when Ayatollah Khomeini finally accepted an armistice, Iran and Iraq fought one of the Middle East's longest and bloodiest wars. Its trench warfare and hidden naval encounters recalled the horrors of World War I, as did the Iraqi Baath government's deployment of mustard gas against Iranian soldiers at the front and sarin gas against Kurdish civilians suspected of pro-Iranian sentiments.

The Reagan administration in the United States largely backed Iraq from 1983, when Reagan dispatched then Searle CEO Donald Rumsfeld to shake Saddam's hand. This, despite Iraq being the clear aggressor and despite Reagan's full knowledge of Iraqi use of chemical weapons, about which George Schultz at the State Department loudly complained until he was shushed. Then, having his marching orders straight, Schultz had the US ambassador to the UN deep-six any UN Security Council resolution condemning Iraq for the chemical weapons deployment. The US navy fought an behind the scenes war against Iranian ships in the Persian Gulf, becoming a de facto appendage of the Baath military.

Just because the Reagan administration was so Machiavellian, it also gave some minor support Iran in the war. Reagan stole anti-tank and anti-aircraft weaponry from the Pentagon storehouses and illegally sold them to Khomeini despite Iran being on the US terrorism watch list. He then had Iran pressure the Shiite militiamen in Lebanon to release American hostages. Reagan sent the money received from Iran to death squads in Nicaragua fighting the people's revolution there against a brutal American-installed dictatorship. This money was sent to Nicaragua in defiance of the Boland Amendment passed by Congress forbidding US monies to go there. Ollie North, whom you see prevaricating on Fox News these days, was a bag man for the operation.

They may as well have broken into the National Archives Nick Cage style, broken out the original copy of the constitution, and put it through a shredder several times in a row till small confetti pieces were all that were left.

It is unclear how many people Saddam's bloody war killed off. A quarter of a million on each side seems plausible. So many young men were part of a "missing generation" that the Iranian regime had to let women into the workforce and universities in very large numbers despite its preference for them to remain home and secluded. In Iraq, there were many widows, and some were forced to become low-status second wives, or single heads of household, or, among Shiites, temporary wives. Iraq depleted its currency reserves in the war and went into debt with Kuwait among others, then in 1990 invaded and tried to annex Kuwait. Saddam dealt with his creditors the way organized crime might deal with its.

In the looming second Iran-Iraq War, the US will be de facto allied with Iran against the would-be al-Qaeda affiliate (ISIS was rejected by core al-Qaeda for viciously attacking other militant vigilante Sunni fundamentalists in turf wars in Syria). The position of the US is therefore 180 degrees away from what it was under Reagan.

In fact, since ISIS is allegedly bankrolled by private Salafi businessmen in Kuwait and elsewhere in the Oil Gulf, the US is on the opposite side of all its former allies of the 1980s. In some ways, some of the alleged stagnation of US policy in the Middle East may derive from a de facto US switch to the Iranian side on most issues, at the same time that US rhetoric supports Iran's enemies in Syria and elsewhere in the region.

It is possible that a US-Iran alliance against al-Qaeda-like groups in Iraq and Syria could clarify their budding new relationship and lead to a tectonic shift in US policy in the Middle East. The Indeed, Reuters says Iranian officials are offering the possibility of security cooperation with the us. One things seems clear. Without Iran, the US is unlikely to be able to roll by al-Qaeda affiliates and would-be affiliates in the Fertile Crescent, who ultimately could pose a danger to US interests.

[David Guyatt]

An interesting development (albeit not for the innocents of Iraq who have to suffer even more bloody warfare just because they were born in an oil well)

In the Reagan-Thatcher era, the covert policy was to arm both Iraq and Iran and let them kill each other in their droves and sit back and suck the money in. This was revealed by Alan Clark in his Diaries and during the Arms to Iraq inquiry.

[Kenneth Kapel]

Expanding war. Well what would any reasonable person, these leaves out Chis Matthews, and other so called experts , expect from a guy elected President with the great help of military-industrial giant Crown family owned General Dynamics.

[Albert Doyle]

I can't help but think there would be more than a little justice involved if God took the Iraq reward away from the WMD Bush people.