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Frank Olson Murder
#1
FRENCH GOVERNMENT QUERIES U.S. STATE DEPT. ABOUT LSD ATTACK

Washington, D.C. — According to informed sources, the State Department’s Bureau of Intelligence and Research has received a confidential inquiry from the office of Erard Corbin de Mangoux, head of the French intelligence agency, Directorate General for External Security (DGSE), concerning a recent account of American government complicity in a mysterious 1951 incident of mass insanity in France. The DGSE is the French counterpart of the CIA.
The incident took place in the village of Pont-Saint-Esprit in southern France, and is described in a recent book about the 1953 death of an American biochemist, A Terrible Mistake: The Murder of Frank Olson and the CIA’s Secret Cold War Experiments. The book, by investigative journalist H.P. Albarelli Jr., was published in late November 2009 by TrineDay, which specializes in books about “suppressed information.”
The strange outbreak severely affected nearly five hundred people, causing the deaths of at least five. For nearly 60 years the Pont-St.-Esprit incident has been attributed either to ergot poisoning, meaning that villagers consumed bread infected with a psychedelic mold, or to organic mercury poisoning. But Albarelli reports that the outbreak resulted from a covert LSD aerosol experiment directed by the US Army’s top-secret Special Operations Division at Fort Detrick, Maryland. He notes that the scientists who produced both alternative explanations worked for the Sandoz Pharmaceutical Company, which was then secretly supplying both the Army and CIA with LSD.
The effect was devastating, as a contemporary French report made clear: “It is neither Shakespeare nor Edgar Poe. It is, alas, the sad reality all around Pont-St.-Esprit and its environs, where terrifying scenes of hallucinations are taking place. They are scenes straight out of the Middle Ages, scenes of horror and pathos, full of sinister shadows.” Even Time magazine took notice: “Among the stricken, delirium rose: patients thrashed wildly on their beds, screaming that red flowers were blossoming from their bodies, that their heads had turned to molten lead. Pont-Saint-Esprit’s hospital reported four attempts at suicide.”
A Department of Justice website on the dangers of LSD states that in the early 1950s “the Sandoz Chemical Company went as far as promoting LSD as a potential secret chemical warfare weapon to the U.S. Government. Their main selling point in this was that a small amount in a main water supply or sprayed in the air could disorient and turn psychotic an entire company of soldiers leaving them harmless and unable to fight.” The CIA entertained a number of proposals from American scientists concerning placing a large amount of LSD into the reservoir of a medium-to-large city, but, according to former agency officials, “the experiment was never approved due to the unexpected number of deaths during the operation in France.”
Albarelli also describes a series of small, secret chemical attacks by the CIA on the New York City subway system during the 1950s. Recently, the Army has referred to these experiments as “simulated tests,” but contemporary documents make no reference to simulation. An August 1950 FBI memorandum refers to “planned BW [biological warfare] experiments in the New York Subway System in September, 1950,” expressing concerns about “poisoning the water supply of a large metropolitan area at the source … the poisoning of food … sold to the general public.”
In its quest to research LSD as an offensive weapon, Albarelli claims, the Army drugged over 5,700 unwitting American servicemen between the years 1953 and 1965, and, with the CIA, experimented widely with LSD and other drugs through secret contracts with over 325 colleges, universities and research institutions in the U.S., Canada and Europe, involving about 2,500 additional subjects, many of them hospital patients and college students.
According to an official with the DGSE, who declined to be identified, “If the details of this book’s revelations prove to be true, it will be very upsetting for the people of Pont-St.-Esprit, as well as all French citizens. That agencies of the United States government would deliberately target innocent foreign citizens for such an experiment is a violation of a number of international laws and treaties.”

###
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#2
Who needs enemies when you have the US as your friend and ally? :banghead: Hopefully the French will be asking the 'neutral' Swiss and their Sandoz company about this event as well. Excellent work Hank.
"The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways. The point, however, is to change it." Karl Marx

"He would, wouldn't he?" Mandy Rice-Davies. When asked in court whether she knew that Lord Astor had denied having sex with her.

“I think it would be a good idea” Ghandi, when asked about Western Civilisation.
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#3
Hi Mr Alberelli.....

I ordered your book and received it yesterday and started reading it last night. So far, I am enjoying reading it. But so many names, that I will probably not remember them.

I have been wondering about Sandoz for quite some time! I lived in a small CA town where there was a building that I could never figure out. You can not even make out where the main entrance is or actually anything about the building...the size or anything. I believe there were trees around it, seeming to hide everything. I also believe there sometimes was a certain smell coming from there...like a grainery odor. For years I wondered what the place was...there were no signs anyplace to indicate what it was. ...although I did aasume an industry of some sort. No one I mentioned it to, seemed to know anything about it either. ...even in just a small town. At the time, I had never heard of Sandoz though. Then finally, I became friends with a woman that mentioned it was Sandoz Chemical Co. and that her father-in-law worked there. I ask what they made there and she told me it was things like Insectcides. I don't recall now what all she told me they did there. I have no idea if anything else is possibly being mfg there, but have wondered why it seemed to be so shrouded in secrecy. I felt it was strange to not have any form of company sign anyplace aroind there. Is there still actually something mysterous going on with Sandoz?

Dixie
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#4
I just googled Sandoz in that small town and they make insecticides for different crops! I am sure my friend told me other things too though....like maybe soaps ...but not positive that was what it was.


Dixie
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#5
Dixie Dea Wrote:Hi Mr Alberelli.....

I ordered your book and received it yesterday and started reading it last night. So far, I am enjoying reading it. But so many names, that I will probably not remember them.

I have been wondering about Sandoz for quite some time! I lived in a small CA town where there was a building that I could never figure out. You can not even make out where the main entrance is or actually anything about the building...the size or anything. I believe there were trees around it, seeming to hide everything. I also believe there sometimes was a certain smell coming from there...like a grainery odor. For years I wondered what the place was...there were no signs anyplace to indicate what it was. ...although I did aasume an industry of some sort. No one I mentioned it to, seemed to know anything about it either. ...even in just a small town. At the time, I had never heard of Sandoz though. Then finally, I became friends with a woman that mentioned it was Sandoz Chemical Co. and that her father-in-law worked there. I ask what they made there and she told me it was things like Insectcides. I don't recall now what all she told me they did there. I have no idea if anything else is possibly being mfg there, but have wondered why it seemed to be so shrouded in secrecy. I felt it was strange to not have any form of company sign anyplace aroind there. Is there still actually something mysterous going on with Sandoz?

Dixie


Sandoz is one of the largest chemical/pharmaceutical companies in the world.
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#6
Magda Hassan Wrote:Who needs enemies when you have the US as your friend and ally? :banghead: Hopefully the French will be asking the 'neutral' Swiss and their Sandoz company about this event as well. Excellent work Hank.


Thank you; very much appreciated. I sent you a private e-mail several days ago. HPA/
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#7
I'm in the process of a reply to your email Hank. Sorry to keep you waiting.
"The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways. The point, however, is to change it." Karl Marx

"He would, wouldn't he?" Mandy Rice-Davies. When asked in court whether she knew that Lord Astor had denied having sex with her.

“I think it would be a good idea” Ghandi, when asked about Western Civilisation.
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#8
This is an intriguing article from Hank's website:

http://www.albarelli.net/articles.html

Scientists at Addiction Center Mocked Frank Olson’s Death

By H.P. Albarelli Jr.



In the early 1970s, scientists at the Federal Addiction Research Center in Lexington, Kentucky openly discussed Frank Olson’s death; this occurring several years before Olson’s strange and alleged death by “suicide” was inadvertently revealed to the nation in 1975 through the published findings of the Rockefeller Commission. At the time, Olson’s death was reported to have followed by nine-days his dosing with LSD by the CIA. In 1995, Manhattan District Attorney, Robert Morgenthau, convened a grand jury investigation of Olson’s death, after the Olson family raised suspicions of murder.

“They [ARC scientists] sat around at lunch and talked about Olson. Some of them appeared to know a lot about him and were happy that Dr. Olson was eliminated because they clearly felt threatened by him,” recalled former ARC employee John J. Williams. “I didn’t know a thing about Frank Olson, so he didn’t have much meaning to me at the time.”

Williams, who was employed throughout the 1970s at ARC as a health physicist, continued, “One day two or three researchers there started talking about Dr. Olson in a laughingly, gloating, mocking, ridiculing-like fashion, stating things like, ‘Olson got what he deserved’, ‘He was probably a commie anyhow’, ‘Good riddance to that piece of crap’, ‘I’ve got some stuff I would have liked to shove into Olson’s veins’— a lot of talk like that…. This sort of talk happened a few times. No one defended Dr. Olson or even seemed to have liked him. Sometimes, however, a few people at the table would appear very uncomfortable with the talk and would get up and walk away, but most stayed.” After leaving ARC, Williams went to work for the U.S. Air Force at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico.

Asked to identify those who made these remarks about Frank Olson, Williams said, “It was researchers at the Center, most of whom I was not familiar with at the time. Some could have been visiting professionals. I do recall that one of the researchers who seemed to be most fixated about Olson was associated with VA [Veterans Administration] research, but I don’t recall any more exactly what his VA relationship was…. I listened to all the talk about Dr. Olson, but had no idea who he was or what had happened to him. I was curious about why these scientists so disliked Dr. Olson, but, as a newcomer, I was not in a position to ask many questions. ”

Queried about his work at ARC, Williams, who had been employed by the U.S. Navy designing electronic ammunition fuses before going to Kentucky, revealed a number of extremely interesting projects he worked on for, what he thinks was, both the CIA and Department of Defense.

“A lot of the equipment I was designing involved the use of drugs like LSD, peyote, morphine, heroin, and something called ‘M-Cubed’”, explained Williams, “which I think could have been BZ, but I had not heard of BZ at that time. I was told that ‘M-Cubed’ was 1,000 times more potent than LSD.” Asked how these drugs were tested, Williams said that inmates at the ARC were routinely “used as guinea pigs for experiments of all sorts related to mind control. Some of the inmates were subjects in multiple experiments. I thought that it was strange that heroin addicts were used in such a way, but physicians there said it was all for the greater good.” Added physicist Williams, “There was an incredible amount of mind control research going on at ARC’s Clinical Research Center in the 1950s through the 1970s. Some of it was mind-boggling and extremely complex, and many of the research and demonstration devices employed I either developed or had a hand in developing. Mind control was my major duty while there.”

Continued Williams, who today is CEO of Consumertronics and President of Lone Star Consulting, Inc., “The idea was to formulate a dose so potent that only a tiny amount easily hidden could be employed.” Williams said he never handled any drugs at ARC, but that once, after repairing some equipment used in experiments on inmates, he departed work for an appointment when he was seized by an “extraordinary sensation.” He explained, “I felt like I was suddenly 90 feet tall and extremely powerful. Everything around me appeared to be very, very small. I made it to my car and then laid down in the back seat for a few hours before I could drive myself home. I’m pretty certain that some sort of drug residue on the equipment I repaired got into my system. Other than that maybe someone slipped something into my tea. I don’t drink or do any drugs, now or then, and it was a weird experience that I would not want repeated.”

Williams explained that he never worked directly with ARC inmates therefore making him unable to witness firsthand any of the results of his work. “I heard crazy stories all the time about what the results were, stuff that clearly disturbed me, and on at least three occasions while I was at work the facility was placed on lock-down because of inmate riots, so they were obviously unhappy about something.”

Williams also revealed that he worked on a project that centered on “the use of a sphygmomanometer-type device.” This device was “placed on the penis of drug-induced ARC inmates.” Commonly referred to as the “Peter Meter” by ARC scientists, a name Williams coined, the objective of the device was “to expose drugged inmates to pornography and then quantitatively determine how long and how intense the drug would cause inmates to maintain an erection, and to determine whether or not certain drugs made men more gay than other drugs.” Williams soon concluded that the real objective of the meter he developed was “to assist in the production of drugs which would turn men into ‘raving homosexual maniacs,’ as one ARC medical technician explained to Williams, who believes the project was undertaken by the ARC at the request of the CIA.

Williams also recalls that the “Peter Meter” project was intended for use against Cuban leader Fidel Castro. “I was told by ARC officials that if it were possible to turn Castro ‘into a fanatically gay man and then exposing his gayness to the Cuban people, his base of support would virtually evaporate, especially among the military.’”

Said Williams, “If I had know any of these things from the beginning, I would have refused to work on the Peter Meter or anything similar.”

Over time at ARC, Williams learned that some of the facility’s work centered on “developing tactics to greatly control, sicken and kill unpopular world leaders, such as Castro. We did quite a bit of work with LSD, but also with numerous other drugs. ARC had a ready population of experimental subjects with its inmate population.”

Said Williams, “I found this kind of hard to believe back then, but years later I learned about all the attempts to harm and assassinate Castro. I guess they were pulling out all the stops to get him anyway they could.”

Williams went on, “That was around the same time that I learned what was supposedly the truth about Olson’s so-called suicide death. At that time, I felt, based on the lunch table talk about his death, that Olson had probably been dosed with LSD for nefarious reasons. Based on the animosity expressed about him from some of those ARC scientists, he had been singled out for some specific reason unknown to me.”

Williams recounted that his supervisor at ARC had been Harold Flanary, who reported to Center director, Dr. William Martin. Williams also said that he often heard talk about various visits to the facility by scientists and officials from the CIA, Department of Defense, and several other federal agencies. Recounted Williams: “There were so many people who came in and out of ARC when I was there. I took direct orders from so many outside and inside people, that at times I wondered who really ran the place…. Being a disable veteran myself, I was of the belief that the Department of Defense and VA were there because of the severe drug problems they had with military personnel in Vietnam, so I was more than happy to do their work.”

Especially disturbing to physicist Williams, in addition to the experiments on inmates, were the multiple ARC experiments that employed animals, especially dogs. “These experiments hastened my departure from ARC. I couldn’t stomach what they did. Their work was nothing short of sick. I thought it was extreme animal cruelty, as I later learned were the experiments on the inmates there,” said Williams.

Recalled Williams, “One day I went down to the dog lab. I was absolutely horrified at the sight of the dogs there. I still tremble when I think about it. While the cages were relatively clean and the dogs had food and water, each beagle was immobilized, sitting in a row on its hunches near the front of the enclosure facing outward with a needle stuck in it with a tube going up into [the device I had helped design and had worked on].”

Continued Williams, who explained that ARC conducted additional experiments on other animals including chimpanzees, mice, and cats, “The enclosures were about 18 inches wide, 24 inches deep and 12 inches high, open at the top, stood off the ground by about 2 feet each, has screen bottoms, and were set off from each other with partitions. Clearly, the dogs were paralyzed from their lower backs and legs. The researcher for the lab told me that the dogs were bought in lots from a breeder, and upon arrival at ARC, had their lower spines surgically broken. The researcher did not mention whether or not the dogs were first anesthetized, but I assume that they must have been else it would probably have been much harder to surgically cut their spinal cords. I asked if the dogs stayed in that position all the time. The researcher told me that once positioned in their enclosures, the dogs stayed in that exact position continuously day and night, being fed drugs usually continuously, until they died. The dead ones were replaced with new ones. The researcher explained that it was necessary to paralyze the dogs so that the injection effort would be certain of success and less risky for the researcher, and that the dogs wouldn’t tear up, step on or get entangled in their hoses.”

Williams also recalled his experience with viewing the “veterans ward” at the adjoining minimum security Federal Prison [located on the same grounds as ARC], which he said was located in the same building as the cafeteria where he often ate lunch. Williams recalled “standing in the middle of the ward with the veterans wandering around in pajamas.” He explained, “All of them had been lobotomized, and all had a scary zombie-like appearance—totally unemotional, glassy-eyed, gray complexions, and mostly unaware of their surroundings. The nurse was passing out their daily meds, a Dixie-cup size cup filled nearly to the top with pills for each veteran and a larger cup of water.”

Williams went on: “A lot of people may not know this, but after World War II and the Korean War, thousands of GIs returned to the U.S. ‘shell-shocked’, and were secretly ‘treated’ to lobotomies by the VA, and then permanently hidden away in groups in various Federal facilities all over the country. According to Williams, a nurse told him that most of the veterans’ families were told that the lobotomized “had honorably died in combat.”

In 1975, it was first revealed that a number of distinguished scientists employed at the ARC worked secretly under-contract for the CIA. Scientists included Drs. Harris Isbell, Abraham Wikler, Edward W. Pelikan, and Victor Vogel. In addition to the CIA, these same scientists performed covert work and experiments for the Federal Narcotics Bureau and the Office of Naval Intelligence. Infamous narcotics agent George Hunter White was a routine visitor at ARC, as were CIA Chemical Division directors Drs. Sidney Gottlieb and Robert Lashbrook.

Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, Dr. Harris Isbell, the director of the research component of ARC, performed multiple secret experiments on inmates at the Kentucky facility, sometimes rewarding addict participants with doses of morphine and heroin. On at least two occasions, Dr. Isbell kept a group of men under the influence of LSD for several days. Isbell was fond of selecting African American inmates for his experiments, regardless that all races were represented in the inmate population at the facility. Several of Dr. Isbell’s reports sent to the CIA noted that the LSD used in his experiments initially came from the Sandoz Chemical Company, but after about two years the drug came from the Eli Lilly drug company, which, at the request of the CIA, secretly replicated the Sandoz formula for pharmaceutical LSD. ARC, which opened in 1935, was closed in 1998.

__________________________________________
The covert work performed by ARC for the CIA and Federal Narcotics Bureau is explained in detail in H.P. Albarelli’s book, A TERRIBLE MISTAKE: The Murder of Frank Olson and the CIA’s Cold War Experiments (TrineDay Publishers, November 2009). Albarelli’s book exposes Olson’s death as a murder. Mr. Williams contacted Albarelli after he became aware of the book on Frank Olson.
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#9
o.k. This book is impossible to put down. Cancel appointments if it is possible to do so and remain employed.-----
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#10
Hank...I did finish your book and liked it a lot. It was indeed hard to put down and well written too.


Regards
Dixie
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